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MeyveliTepe · 12-11-2010, 22:16

"Roundup is the brand name of a systemic, broad-spectrum herbicide produced by the U.S. company Monsanto, and contains the active ingredient glyphosate. Glyphosate is the most used herbicide in the USA,[2] and Roundup has been the number one selling herbicide worldwide since at least 1980.[3] As of 2009, sales of Roundup herbicides represent about 10% of Monsanto's revenue due to competition from Chinese producers of other glyphosate-based herbicides;[4] the overall Roundup line of products (which includes GM seeds) represents about half of Monsanto's yearly revenue.[5]

...
Pesticides based on these poisonous chemicals, including Roundup have been banned in various countries due to their toxic effects on humans and wildlife.

The main active ingredient of Roundup is the isopropylamine salt of glyphosate. Another important ingredient of Roundup is the surfactant POEA (polyethoxylated tallow amine), which is known for its toxicity in wildlife.[6] It increases herbicide penetration in plant[7] and animal[8][9] cells.

Several weed species, known as superweeds, have developed Roundup resistance largely because of repeated exposure.[10]

Monsanto also produces seeds which grow into plants genetically engineered to be tolerant to glyphosate, which are known as Roundup Ready crops. The genes contained in these seeds are patented. Such crops allow farmers to use glyphosate as a post-emergence herbicide against most broadleaf and cereal weeds."

"Genetic damage (Genetik Tahribat)

A 1998 study on mice concluded that Roundup is able to cause genetic damage. The authors concluded that the damage was "not related to the active ingredient, but to another component of the herbicide mixture".[30]

A 2009 study on mice has found that a single intraperitoneal injection of Roundup in concentration of 25 mg/kg caused chromosomal aberrations and induction of micronuclei.[32]

A 2009 in vitro experiment with glyphosate formulations on human liver cells has observed DNA damages at sub-agricultural doses, where a Roundup formulation showed to be the most active formulation. The effects were more dependent on the formulation than on the glyphosate concentration."

"False advertising (Yanıltıcı Reklam)

In 1996, Monsanto was accused of false and misleading advertising of glyphosate products, prompting a law suit by the New York State attorney general.[52] Monsanto had made claims that its spray-on glyphosate based herbicides, including Roundup, were safer than table salt and "practically non-toxic" to mammals, birds, and fish.[53]

Environmental and consumer rights campaigners brought a case in France in 2001 for presenting Roundup as biodegradable and claiming that it left the soil clean after use; glyphosate, Roundup's main ingredient, is classed by the European Union as "dangerous for the environment" and "toxic for aquatic organisms". In January 2007, Monsanto was convicted of false advertising.[54] The result was confirmed in 2009."

"Scientific fraud (Bilimsel Sahtekarlık)

On two occasions, the United States Environmental Protection Agency has caught scientists deliberately falsifying test results at research laboratories hired by Monsanto to study glyphosate.[56][57][58] In the first incident involving Industrial Biotest Laboratories, an EPA reviewer stated after finding "routine falsification of data" that it was "hard to believe the scientific integrity of the studies when they said they took specimens of the uterus from male rabbits".[59][60][61] In the second incident of falsifying test results in 1991, the owner of the lab (Craven Labs), and three employees were indicted on 20 felony counts, the owner was sentenced to 5 years in prison and fined $50,000, the lab was fined 15.5 million dollars and ordered to pay 3.7 million dollars in restitution.[42][62][63] Craven laboratories performed studies for 262 pesticide companies including Monsanto."

Çok uzağa gitmeye gerek yok, bunlar wikipedia'nın bazı özetleri. Monsanto, Roundup ve Round-up serisi ürünleri ile ilgili on binlerce sayfa döküman, araştırma, video, dava, vak'a vb. var.

Yukarıdaki alıntıları çevirmeyi içim kaldırmıyor artık. Bir arkadaş el atarsa takip edemeyen arkadaşlar için makbule geçer.

Benim notum: Round-up, formülü itibarıyla kesinlikle çevreye, hayvanlara, bitkilere (doğal olarak) zararlıdır. Canlılar üzerinde toksik ve genetik tahribat yaptığı belirlenmiştir.

Round-up, genetiği değiştirilmiş tohumların da çıkış noktasıdır. Bu manada Monsanto'nun en temel ürünüdür. Genleriyle oynayarak Round-up Ready (RR) tohumlar yarattılar. Reklamını da, "bu tohumları kullan, her yere roundup ilacını atabilirsin, bizim tohumlar bundan etkilenmeden büyür" şeklinde yaptılar.

Bir bakıma, ülkelerin tarım, toprak ve gıda ekonomilerini teslim almanın aracı olarak kullandılar ve kullanıyorlar. Ülkeler bunu anladığında iş işten çoktan geçmişti (Örnek: Hindistan).

Öte yandan, işler bekledikleri gibi olmadı. Pek çok bitki round-up'a karşı direnç geliştirdi. Artık süper-bitki'ler var. Bunlarla da baş edebilmek için çok daha kuvvetlilerini, (Vietnam'da tüm bitki örtüsünü yok eden) devreye almak için uğraşıyorlar bu günlerde.

12-11-2010, 22:16	#7
MeyveliTepe agaclar.net Giriş Tarihi: 22-03-2007 Şehir: Kocaeli Mesajlar: 9,019	Monsanto Round-Up "Roundup is the brand name of a systemic, broad-spectrum herbicide produced by the U.S. company Monsanto, and contains the active ingredient glyphosate. Glyphosate is the most used herbicide in the USA,[2] and Roundup has been the number one selling herbicide worldwide since at least 1980.[3] As of 2009, sales of Roundup herbicides represent about 10% of Monsanto's revenue due to competition from Chinese producers of other glyphosate-based herbicides;[4] the overall Roundup line of products (which includes GM seeds) represents about half of Monsanto's yearly revenue.[5] ... Pesticides based on these poisonous chemicals, including Roundup have been banned in various countries due to their toxic effects on humans and wildlife. The main active ingredient of Roundup is the isopropylamine salt of glyphosate. Another important ingredient of Roundup is the surfactant POEA (polyethoxylated tallow amine), which is known for its toxicity in wildlife.[6] It increases herbicide penetration in plant[7] and animal[8][9] cells. Several weed species, known as superweeds, have developed Roundup resistance largely because of repeated exposure.[10] Monsanto also produces seeds which grow into plants genetically engineered to be tolerant to glyphosate, which are known as Roundup Ready crops. The genes contained in these seeds are patented. Such crops allow farmers to use glyphosate as a post-emergence herbicide against most broadleaf and cereal weeds." "Genetic damage (Genetik Tahribat) A 1998 study on mice concluded that Roundup is able to cause genetic damage. The authors concluded that the damage was "not related to the active ingredient, but to another component of the herbicide mixture".[30] A 2009 study on mice has found that a single intraperitoneal injection of Roundup in concentration of 25 mg/kg caused chromosomal aberrations and induction of micronuclei.[32] A 2009 in vitro experiment with glyphosate formulations on human liver cells has observed DNA damages at sub-agricultural doses, where a Roundup formulation showed to be the most active formulation. The effects were more dependent on the formulation than on the glyphosate concentration." "False advertising (Yanıltıcı Reklam) In 1996, Monsanto was accused of false and misleading advertising of glyphosate products, prompting a law suit by the New York State attorney general.[52] Monsanto had made claims that its spray-on glyphosate based herbicides, including Roundup, were safer than table salt and "practically non-toxic" to mammals, birds, and fish.[53] Environmental and consumer rights campaigners brought a case in France in 2001 for presenting Roundup as biodegradable and claiming that it left the soil clean after use; glyphosate, Roundup's main ingredient, is classed by the European Union as "dangerous for the environment" and "toxic for aquatic organisms". In January 2007, Monsanto was convicted of false advertising.[54] The result was confirmed in 2009." "Scientific fraud (Bilimsel Sahtekarlık) On two occasions, the United States Environmental Protection Agency has caught scientists deliberately falsifying test results at research laboratories hired by Monsanto to study glyphosate.[56][57][58] In the first incident involving Industrial Biotest Laboratories, an EPA reviewer stated after finding "routine falsification of data" that it was "hard to believe the scientific integrity of the studies when they said they took specimens of the uterus from male rabbits".[59][60][61] In the second incident of falsifying test results in 1991, the owner of the lab (Craven Labs), and three employees were indicted on 20 felony counts, the owner was sentenced to 5 years in prison and fined $50,000, the lab was fined 15.5 million dollars and ordered to pay 3.7 million dollars in restitution.[42][62][63] Craven laboratories performed studies for 262 pesticide companies including Monsanto." Çok uzağa gitmeye gerek yok, bunlar wikipedia'nın bazı özetleri. Monsanto, Roundup ve Round-up serisi ürünleri ile ilgili on binlerce sayfa döküman, araştırma, video, dava, vak'a vb. var. Yukarıdaki alıntıları çevirmeyi içim kaldırmıyor artık. Bir arkadaş el atarsa takip edemeyen arkadaşlar için makbule geçer. Benim notum: Round-up, formülü itibarıyla kesinlikle çevreye, hayvanlara, bitkilere (doğal olarak) zararlıdır. Canlılar üzerinde toksik ve genetik tahribat yaptığı belirlenmiştir. Round-up, genetiği değiştirilmiş tohumların da çıkış noktasıdır. Bu manada Monsanto'nun en temel ürünüdür. Genleriyle oynayarak Round-up Ready (RR) tohumlar yarattılar. Reklamını da, "bu tohumları kullan, her yere roundup ilacını atabilirsin, bizim tohumlar bundan etkilenmeden büyür" şeklinde yaptılar. Bir bakıma, ülkelerin tarım, toprak ve gıda ekonomilerini teslim almanın aracı olarak kullandılar ve kullanıyorlar. Ülkeler bunu anladığında iş işten çoktan geçmişti (Örnek: Hindistan). Öte yandan, işler bekledikleri gibi olmadı. Pek çok bitki round-up'a karşı direnç geliştirdi. Artık süper-bitki'ler var. Bunlarla da baş edebilmek için çok daha kuvvetlilerini, (Vietnam'da tüm bitki örtüsünü yok eden) devreye almak için uğraşıyorlar bu günlerde.